• For example, reproduction for a species is not only supported by the nest, den, etc., of a species, but also by the other components of habitat that enable it to successfully complete courtship, mating, egg incubation, gestation, birthing and rearing young (for animals), pollination and germination (for plants), and any other stages of the species’ reproductive cycle.

• Barred owls (Stvix vavia) have invaded from eastern North America into the range of the northern spotted owl, where they are negatively affecting site occupancy, reproduction, and survival of northern spotted owls.

• Reproduction occurs from June to July with females producing 20-150 mature eggs.