• During the visits on-going activities were discussed with the farmers, and data were gathered on economic aspects, resource use, and crop and animal management.

• If this is the case with respect to our understanding of the adoption of conservation agriculture, then future research should probably aim to produce results that are meaningful for local management rather than for universal understanding.

• A total capture of nutrients and application to crop land is, however, rarely possible given the predominant and extensive nature of livestock management in the Sahel, uneven distribution of manure/urine deposition in the landscape and the costliness of manure handling, storage, and transportation.