Afforestation and reforestation projects can have positive, neutral, or negative impacts depending on the level of biodiversity of the non-forest ecosystem being replaced Support , the scale one considers, and other design and implementation issues [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Associated impacts can include reduced crop production, increased animal production if the land is grazed, increased biodiversity of native grass ecosystems Support if they are reestablished, increased wildlife habitat, reduced erosion, etc. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

However, in many cases, loss of biodiversity from diverse and extensive ecosystems Support due to climate change does not necessarily imply loss of productivity as there is a degree of redundancy in most ecosystems; the contribution to production by a species that is lost from an ecosystem may be replaced by another species. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Coastal and inland wetlands have very high Degree animal Support biodiversity and also contribute to the region 's genetic diversity. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Although many species will be able to adapt, climate change is expected to reduce the overall Expanse biodiversity in individual ecosystems Support . [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Although plantations Support usually have lower Degree biodiversity than natural forests, they can reduce pressure on natural forests by serving as sources of forest products, thereby leaving greater areas for biodiversity and other environmental services. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG ALS 23/03/2016 ]

In addition to impacts on wildlife and species Support biodiversity, human agriculture, forestry, water resources and health will all be affected. Such impacts will be related to changes in precipitation (rainfall and snowfall), sea level, and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, resulting from global warming. [ ENCY 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]